SHATTERED by his ordeal in cross examination at the hands of Zündel’s counsel Douglas Christie , Browning refused to testify again in the later Zündel trials, not wanting to go through that — ever — again.

In the Lipstadt trial, he behaved badly: he tried to withdraw evidence in his report when Mr Irving spotted that he had deliberately omitted passages from his selected passages from the so-called Gerstein Report which completely invalidated his arguments and exposed Kurt Gerstein as a liar. The judge ordered that both versions of the Browning report be introduced in the Lipstadt trial, which provided Mr Irving with a happy hunting ground in his cross examination of this “scholar”.